产业用纺织品

为提升核电站冷源系统取水安全性，针对我国6个典型滨海核电站所处海域，选取2～50 mm网目边长的超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)网片、5 mm网目边长的尼龙(PA)网片和5 mm网目边长的聚乙烯(PE)网片为对象，通过试验系统分析夏季各核电站冷源拦网附着生物群落的结构特征，及其在不同网片上的附着演替规律，揭示了核电站冷源拦网海洋污损生物的时空分布差异与优势种演替机制。结果表明，南方海域(如5号核电站)夏季附着生物量显著高于北方海域，且存在生物爆发期，其中2号核电站8月挂板表面附着生物量峰值高达1 563.81 g/m²。UHMWPE网片展现出优异的初期抗污和拦污性能，明显优于PA网片和PE网片。网目边长对拦网防污与拦截效果影响显著，4 mm和5 mm网目边长可实现防污与拦截效率的最优平衡。研究系统阐明了不同拦网结构和材质对海洋污损生物附着演替规律，可为核电冷源系统防污拦网的优化设计与工程应用提供理论依据和实践参考。

To enhance the water intake safety of cooling source systems in nuclear power plants, this study targeted the sea areas where six representative coastal nuclear power plants in China. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) nets with mesh sizes ranging from 2 to 50 mm, as well as 5 mm mesh nylon(PA) and polyethylene(PE) nets, were selected as research subjects. Through experiments, the structural characteristics of the attached biological communities and their attachment succession patterns on various cooling source interception nets of nuclear power plants during summer were systematically analyzed, and the temporal and spatial distribution differences of marine fouling organisms on cooling source interception nets nuclear power plants and the succession mechanism of dominant species were revealed. Results showed that attached organisms in southern marine(such as nuclear power plant No.5) exhibited significantly higher than northern regions during summer, with distinct biological outbreak periods observed. At nuclear power plant No.2, peak biomass in August reached 1 563.81 g/m². UHMWPE nets demonstrated outstanding initial anti-fouling and screening performance, which substantially outperforming PA nets and PE nets. The mesh size had a significant impact on the anti-fouling and interception effects of the nets. 4 mm and 5 mm mesh sizes could achieve the optimal balance between anti-fouling and interception efficiency. This study systematically elucidated the successional dynamics of marine fouling organism attachment of various structures and materials. It provides theoretical foundation and practical reference for the optimized design and engineering application of anti-fouling nets in nuclear power plant cooling source systems.